Patanjali is a revered ancient Indian sage, often identified as the author of the Yoga Sutras, a foundational 2nd-century BCE text defining the eight-limbed path to spiritual enlightenment. His core philosophy revolves around stabilizing the mind through yoga to achieve liberation. He is traditionally revered for purifying the mind (Yoga), speech (Grammar), and body (Ayurveda).

Key Teachings and Philosophy

• The Yoga Sutras: Comprised of 196 sutras (aphorisms), this text provides a practical approach to mastering the mind and understanding its mysteries.
• The Eight Limbs (Ashtanga Yoga): Patanjali outlines a comprehensive path: Yama (ethics), Niyama (self-discipline), Asana (postures), Pranayama (breath control), Pratyahara (withdrawal of senses), Dharana (concentration), Dhyana (meditation), and Samadhi (absorption).
• Goal: To quiet the “chitta vritti” (disturbances of the mind) and achieve union, allowing the true self to emerge.

Attributed Works and Legacy

• Yoga Sutras: Core text on yoga philosophy.
• Mahabhashya: A significant commentary on ancient Sanskrit grammar.
• Ayurveda: Commentaries on medical treatises, with some traditional views attributing this to the same sage.
• Tradition: Often viewed as an incarnation of the serpent Adishesha.